The lack of effective tools for its diagnosis together with the limited treatments currently available for alleviation of the side-effects induced by chemotherapeutic agents, demonstrates the need of a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the pathology. Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairments (CICI) can be observed not only during pharmacological treatment of the disease but also long after cessation of this therapy. In recent years, and particularly associated with the increase of cancer patients’ life expectancy, the occurrence of cancer treatment sequelae, including cognitive impairments, has received considerable attention. Paclitaxel induced in the short (2-12 weeks) and the long term (15-25 weeks) an impairment of spatial memory in the NLR.Impairment of spatial memory in the Morris water test (Li et al., 2017), (Li et al., 2018) Young adult male C57BL/6 J mice One i.p.The endogenous cannabinoid system (ECS) is a complex signalling system comprised of cannabinoid type 1 (CB 1 ) and cannabinoid type 2 (CB 2 ) receptors endocannabinoid ligands: anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and catabolizing enzymes: fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) (Viveros et al., 2012 Kaur et al., 2016 Woodhams et al., 2017 Fraguas-Sánchez et al., 2018
There are a great number of biological mechanisms that seem to be implicated in the cognitive deficits induced by chemotherapy agents, including: direct neurotoxic effects, impaired neurogenesis or increased death of nervous cells, white matter abnormalities, inflammatory responses, oxidative stress and even alterations in the levels of sex and stress hormones (Sleurs et al., 2016 El-Agamy et al., 2019 Mounier et al., 2020 Nguyen and Ehrlich, 2020).
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